Sponsor, Brands, Specialists and Suppliers: The Companies that supported the Chapman \/Lotus Road & Racing Programme<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

Laystall Engineering:<\/strong> Lady Godiva cranks up Climax with Laystall<\/strong><\/p>\n

Introduction <\/strong><\/p>\n

This is a complementary piece to our dedicated articles\/series on major components and cylinder heads.<\/p>\n

In our previous piece we explore in greater detail the use and specification of Laystall Lucas cylinder heads.<\/p>\n

Lotus cars sold<\/p>\n

They were bought for their:-<\/p>\n

\n
• Performance \u2013road or track<\/li>\n
• Driving pleasure<\/li>\n
• Reputation and image<\/li>\n
• Aesthetics<\/li>\n
• Symbolism<\/li>\n
• Owner identification \/personality extension etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

  All the above were integrated within a total framework design.<\/p>\n

  The above list is heavily dependent on a select group of components [either bought in proprietary or in house manufacture] that delivered the desired outcomes and met strict criteria.<\/p>\n

  Many of these components often contributed significantly to the overall aesthetic, many are extremely functional and beautiful in their own right .They formed part of a complementary whole.<\/p>\n

  In this series we examine:-<\/p>\n

  \n
  • significant Individual components from all the marque types<\/li>\n
  • Briefly explain their role \/contribution \/evaluation<\/li>\n
  • Analysis form and function with regard to their integration, where appropriate<\/li>\n
  • Provide suppliers\/specialist advertising materials where appropriate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Understanding Lotus\u2019s use of proprietary parts provides invaluable learning opportunities not just historical but right up to the present day. These lessons are not just applicable to automotive engineers\/ designers but to the wider Industrial \/Product Design professions.<\/p>\n

    The Skillful and creative adoption, absorption and integration of components was a powerful factor in the Chapman design methodology and contributed significantly to both competition and commercial success. It also feed his ability to mutate parts and materials to his desired ends.<\/p>\n

    The use of components is a fundamental skill of the Industrial Designer and the direct provision of added value.<\/p>\n

    The exact interpretation of sponsorship in conjunction with Lotus is difficult to establish objectively. The appearance of a sponsor\u2019s logo on a car is not necessarily evidence of financial support. Access to historical archive and contracts is sought wherever possible but with the passage of time and for various reasons these are not always available or accessible to the public.<\/p>\n

    This series also embraces the specialist suppliers to Lotus. We are particularly interested in those suppliers and products that have a connectivity with aviation.<\/p>\n

    In constructing the historic sponsor series, the A&R looks only at the logos worn in period and assumes the company involved had no objection to Lotus promoting their products. The A&R sees much to be gained by the wider promotion of sponsors but in the event that a specific organization disapproves for any reason that article will be removed.<\/p>\n

    Sponsorship is an instrument of mutual benefit and promotion. Subscribers might like to see A&R articles on Sponsorship and Product Placement to understand the numerical \/ financial reach provided by sponsorship with its ability to identify and project status through identification.<\/p>\n

    The principle continues particularly with regard to education based exhibitions [see below for details]<\/p>\n

    Each of these articles is devoted to a company\/ organization that is believed to have sponsored or supplied specialist items to Lotus.<\/p>\n

    The intention of each article is to: –<\/p>\n

    \n
    1. Explain the sponsors own history and outline their products and services \u2013 past-present and future<\/li>\n
    2. Explain the historical connection with Lotus and the contribution made both in competition and the production cars<\/li>\n
    3. To suggest how these two interlocking facets may be translated into exciting, interpretive, educational and commercial exhibitions<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       Subscribers might to see complementary and structured pieces to this article: –<\/p>\n

       \n
       • Primary sponsors like Gold Leaf \/ John Player Specials<\/li>\n
       • Product Placement<\/li>\n
       • Separate dedicated series on engines and gearbox<\/li>\n
       • Logo on Lotus<\/li>\n
       • Components series on cylinder heads comprising Elva,Willment and Aquaplane<\/li>\n
       • Coventry Climax engines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

         Engine Balance and Crankshaft <\/strong><\/p>\n

         Singh Reyat:<\/p>\n

         \u201cFor smooth working of the engine, it is necessary that it should be balanced, both in power and mechanically.<\/p>\n

         An engine is said to be in power balance <\/em>when the power impulses occur at regular intervals with relation to crankshaft rotation and each power impulse exerts the same force.<\/p>\n

         An engine is known to be in mechanical balance <\/em>when all its working parts are set in such a way that they counterbalance in operation and thereby minimise vibration.<\/p>\n

         The rotating parts of the engine are balanced mechanically by bringing to static <\/em>as well as dynamic <\/em>balance. The main parts in the engine which are to be balanced mechanically are crankshaft and flywheel. To obtain static balance, the weight must be equal in all directions from the centre when the crankshaft is stationary.<\/p>\n

         Dynamic balance relates to balance while the part is rotating, it is attained when the centrifugal forces of rotation are equal in all directions at any point. Special machinery is required in this type of balancing \u201c<\/p>\n

         Laystall Engineering Company Profile \/Abbreviated summary <\/strong><\/p>\n

         Avoiding repetition subscribers are directed to our dedicated articles as mentioned and the website address below:<\/p>\n

         http:\/\/www.laystall.co.uk\/<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         Figure 1: Image from Graces Guide.Note early advertisement dating from 1924<\/p>\n

         In the Chapman\/Lotus era the Company was identified with:-<\/p>\n

         \n
         • Crankshaft and machining<\/li>\n
         • Laystall Lucas cylinder heads<\/li>\n
         • Nitride and satellite* procedures\/products<\/li>\n
         • Cromard <\/em>hard chromed cylinder liners<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

           The Chambers Dictionary of Science defines nitriding as:
           \n\u201ca process for producing hard surfaces on special types of steel by heating in gaseous ammonia. Components are finished machined, hardened and tempered and heated for about 60hr. At 520 degrees C\u2026..\u201d<\/p>\n

           \u201cStellite: TN for a series of alloys \u2026\u2026very hard. Used for cutting tools and for protecting surfaces subject to heavy wear\u201d<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           Figure 2: Image from Graces Guide<\/p>\n

           Lotus Connections <\/strong><\/p>\n

           Laystall Lucas cylinder heads brought Lotus considerable competition success when fitted with M.G. engines in the Mk.VI and VIII.<\/p>\n

           In addition at the higher level Laystall is recorded as being the crankshaft supplier to the Lotus 25 and Coventry Climax engine.<\/p>\n

           Hammill notes:<\/p>\n

           \u201cThe forged and machined crankshafts for all Coventry Climax engines were made exclusively by Laystall Engineering \u201c<\/p>\n

           For drawing and illustrations see:<\/p>\n

           \n
           • Hammill Coventry Climax Racing Engine\u2019s <\/em><\/li>\n
           • Unique Books Lotus, Coventry Climax and Cosworth Engine\u2019s <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

             <\/p>\n

             Figure 3: Editors sketch of Laystall Lucas high compression head.This was adopted on several M.G engine powdered Lotus types of early mid fifties<\/p>\n

             <\/p>\n

             Figure 4: Archive and Resource Collection, cf drawing above<\/p>\n

             <\/strong><\/p>\n

             Figure 5: Editors sketch of Coventry Climax V8 which powered Lotus 25<\/p>\n

             Period Address for economic geography exercise<\/strong><\/p>\n

             53 Great Suffolk Street,<\/p>\n

             London<\/p>\n

             And<\/p>\n

             Laystall Engineering Co. Ltd,<\/p>\n

             Wolverhampton<\/p>\n

             Learning Opportunities<\/strong><\/p>\n

             Our learning \/educational opportunities are intended to be challenging thought provoking and requiring additional research and\/or analysis.<\/p>\n

             These opportunities are particularly designed for a museum\/education centre location where visitors would be able to enjoy access to all the structured resources available in conjunction with any concurrent exhibition.<\/p>\n

             Understanding the potential of componentry particularly proprietary items provides some of the following learning opportunities; in this instance we suggest the following might be appropriate:-<\/p>\n

             Specific to Laystall:<\/p>\n

             \n
             • See our dedicated article in Component Series<\/li>\n
             • What is the size and value of the industry<\/li>\n
             • How has it changed? And what is its future 2020 onwards?<\/li>\n
             • Discuss the relationship with a multi-national mass-production brand\/manufacturer and its links, how and why did it come into existence?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

               General<\/p>\n

               \n
               • Use a technical dictionary where needed to define components and roles<\/li>\n
               • Was there a viable alternative to the part under consideration?<\/li>\n
               • Is what might it have been \/cost?<\/li>\n
               • Examine the suppliers\/specialist advertising what does it convey? And what is its iconography?<\/li>\n
               • Integrate this item with our series on the economic geography of motor sports locations and manufacturing bases<\/li>\n
               • Has the component had exposure at any motor shows?<\/li>\n
               • Does the company continue to supply classic\/heritage parts?<\/li>\n
               • What changes in technology and materials have impacted on Lotus through its history?<\/li>\n
               • How does component design impact on form and function<\/li>\n
               • Does the supplier\/specialist have aviation links? If so what?<\/li>\n
               • What is the importance of ergonomics and how does it influence modern automobile design?<\/li>\n
               • Does excessive safety\/ and or ergonomics impact negatively on aesthetics<\/li>\n
               • What is the impact of standardization of platforms through mark ranges and indeed shared with other manufacturers? Could uniformity ultimately impact on sales even if economies of scale improved?<\/li>\n
               • Enumerate Lotus bought in components<\/li>\n
               • How has mass production and proprietary parts assisted the specialist car market?<\/li>\n
               • Produce an engineering drawing of a selected component and consider the specification of the materials and assembly process, costs and volume<\/li>\n
               • Explore an enumerate supplier\/specialists components used in other Industrial Design fields<\/li>\n
               • How did the supplier\/specialist extract value from their sponsorship\/support?<\/li>\n
               • Explore Graces Guide for further background detail<\/li>\n
               • Study the economic geography of the British auto industry what factors determined locations?<\/li>\n
               • What have been the causes of change and circumstance that have impacted on British motor industry?<\/li>\n
               • What has been the role of F1 \/motor sport valley based around Bicester?<\/li>\n
               • What is the importance of outsourcing to the motor industry?<\/li>\n
               • Study a British car specialist like Morgan, TVR, Ginetta or Lotus where do they source parts? What are the advantages?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                 Exhibitions, Education, Economics and Entertainment<\/strong><\/p>\n

                 In the museum context the editors believe that commercial considerations are both necessary and complementary with its educational objectives.<\/p>\n

                 For these reasons our suggested outline Business Plan includes provision for promoting products and services which share Chapman\u2019s ideals of mechanical efficiency and sustainability. In addition we propose merchandising that explain and interprets the social and cultural context of Chapman\u2019s designs in period. It\u2019s suggested there will be catalogue for on line purchasing.<\/p>\n

                 In this instance we suggest the following exhibition titles might be appropriate:-<\/p>\n

                 See our dedicated article in Component Series and:<\/p>\n

                 Specific:-<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

                 Laystall<\/td>\n	Heads<\/td>\n	and bottom ends<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                 Laystall<\/td>\n	<\/td>\n	Well Attuned<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                 Laystall<\/td>\n	<\/td>\n	Theme Tune<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                 Laystall<\/td>\n	<\/td>\n	Signature Tune<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                 Laystall<\/td>\n	<\/td>\n	Chapman changes his Tune<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                 Laystall<\/td>\n	<\/td>\n	Tune in with Lotus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                 Laystall<\/td>\n	<\/td>\n	Name that Tune<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                 Laystall<\/td>\n	<\/td>\n	Tuning Device<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
                 Laystall<\/td>\n	<\/td>\n	Lady Godiva cranks up Climax with Laystall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n General:-<\/p>\n \n Lotus Parts: Past ,Present Future<\/li>\n Lotus Parts: The Winning Factor<\/li>\n The Principle Part<\/li>\n Act the Part<\/li>\n Assign the Part<\/li>\n Lotus Components<\/li>\n Lotus Components :Parts and Parcel<\/li>\n Lotus Sponsors, Specialist and Suppliers:Form,Function and Forte<\/li>\n Lotus Components:Parts and Partiality<\/li>\n Lotus Aesthetics : With little to spare<\/li>\n Lotus Cars: Spare and Slender<\/li>\n Product launch with title of dedicated specific relevance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Conclusion: \u201cThe whole is greater\u2026\u2026\u2026\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n There can be little doubt about the significant contribution made by Laystall. They assisted Lotus achieve multiple F1 World Championships.<\/p>\n \n They gave Chapman\/Lotus parity when they competed against International competition and Chapman was exploring scientific cost effective solutions as opposed to exotic engines<\/li>\n Installed in one of the most successful at the Mk.VI Laystall helped both establish Lotus reputation and sales engendering the capital for investment and development<\/li>\n The sophisticated Climax engine benefited from the Laystall crankshaft contributing to Clark\u2019s and Lotus F1 World Championships success in the early-to mid-sixties<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n Components were material to reliability and competitiveness.<\/p>\n Chapman\u2019s design and manufacturing methodology rather confirms the adage that \u201cthe whole can be greater than the sum of the parts\u201d.<\/p>\n It\u2019s an interesting an important study to consider deployment of components. It contributes to aesthetics, assembly economics and sales [attractive components\/ known accepted performance and servicing ability etc.]<\/p>\n It is equally and mutually relevant and beneficial to the component manufacturer.<\/p>\n Chapman and his colleagues often took the best \/ most appropriate mass produced item and almost reinvented it in its service to design objectives. In this manner many components acquired a new status and indeed their aesthetic was enhanced surrounded by the Chapman conceptual whole.<\/p>\n It\u2019s also extremely significant how many of these components were also used in Lotus competition cars. This created a powerful dynamic and interrelationship. Many components:-<\/p>\n \n Performed well in competition gaining beneficial publicity and sales<\/li>\n Both the component and racing reputation carried through to road cars and assisted sales<\/li>\n The component manufacturer gained disproportionate publicity and assisted products sell in other applications<\/li>\n All together a beneficial spiral was commenced. Publicity of the era often opted to highlight the Lotus dimension in publicity material. In fact there was a powerful synergy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n The relationship between Lotus and is sponsor specialist suppliers is significant and worthy of close study and has lessons for Engineering, Industrial Design and Manufacturing disciplines.<\/p>\n Along the way it\u2019s possible too to study the wider British motor component industry and how it has helped foster the specialist car manufacturers.<\/p>\n Sponsorship is a worldwide phenomenon of immense commercial impotence. Both to host and sponsor organization.<\/p>\n With the Passage of time it\u2019s likely to become more sophisticated and focused and the internet \/multimedia technology will play greater role.<\/p>\n Sponsors have existed in motorsport before Chapman but he vigorously exploited the concept with Gold Leaf c 1967\/68 and set a pattern for others to follow.<\/p>\n Sponsors of Lotus were likely to benefit financially and in terms of exposure to an extent greater than their investment. The benefits were, and remain essentially similar to present day:-<\/p>\n \n Access to mass international audience consistent with mass production distribution marketing branding etc.<\/li>\n Demographics of viewing audience and interest groups<\/li>\n Additional subsidiary \/secondary advertising through media, news, magazines etc.<\/li>\n Identification with market \/brand \/marque leader in both F1 and road cars<\/li>\n Association with success and continuity evolving, developing technology, materials etc.<\/li>\n In period the identification with the charm ,charisma and ability to articulate that Chapman possessed<\/li>\n All the attendant glamour , drama ,danger ,and spectacle of F1<\/li>\n Ability to provide conducive hospitality to conduct business<\/li>\n Cost effectiveness of audience cost ratio<\/li>\n Possible further complex corporate benefits<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Appendix 1: Context and operation of sponsorship from the net:-<\/strong><\/p>\n \n Learn how sponsorship motives have evolved.<\/li>\n Be able to differentiate between advertising and sponsorship.<\/li>\n Learn the advantages of each of the key promotion tools.<\/li>\n Identify the six categories of sponsorship opportunities.<\/li>\n Distinguish between self-evident and strategic linkages.<\/li>\n Learn the trends in spending on sponsorships.<\/li>\n Gain insight as to how ambush marketing and leveraging play roles.<\/li>\n Develop a basic understanding of the three special cases of sponsorship.<\/li>\n Identify the five key sponsorship objectives.<\/li>\n Learn the importance of each sponsorship objective.<\/li>\n Understand the concept of matching.<\/li>\n Learn the potential components of a sponsorship plan.<\/li>\n View a comprehensive example of a sponsorship.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Gain an awareness of controversies regarding sponsorship.<\/p>\n Appendix 2 F1 and related racing results <\/strong><\/p>\n http:\/\/www.snowmoose.com\/LotusCars\/TeamLotus\/TLHistory.html<\/p>\n Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n Marks of Excellence.P.Mollerup.Phaidon Press.1997.<\/em><\/p>\n ISBN: 0714838381<\/em><\/p>\n Graces Guides<\/em><\/p>\n Internet websites and local History<\/em><\/p>\n Aircraft of the Fighting Powers.Cooper&Thetford.Vol.1.Aircraft [Technical] Publications.1940.<\/p>\n An extensive bibliography is provided in A&R article on John Players Specials\/Gold Leaf<\/p>\n Industrial Design A-Z.C&P Fiell.Taschen.<\/p>\n ISBN: 3822863106<\/p>\n Lotus Book.Taylor.Coterie.1998.<\/p>\n ISBN: 1902351002<\/p>\n Art of the Formula 1 Race Car. Mann, Codling.Motorbooks.2010<\/p>\n ISBN:<\/p>\n Lotus 24, 25, 28, 29, 33.Unique.<\/p>\n Lotus 49, 49B, 49C, 49F.Unique.<\/p>\n ISBN: 1842555185<\/p>\n International Corporate Identity.Olins.Laurence King.1995<\/p>\n ISBN: 1856690377<\/p>\n International Motor Racing 1978.Ed by B.Gill.Macdonald and Jane\u2019s.1978<\/p>\n ISBN: 035409033X<\/p>\n The International Motor Show. Offical Catalogue.1966<\/p>\n Motor Racing Directory 1955-56 [Ed by staff of \u201cMotor Racing\u201d] Pearl Cooper.<\/p>\n Motor Racing Directory.Kettlewell.<\/p>\n ISBN: 0906556007<\/p>\n Autosport A-Z Motorsport Directory. [Annual editions] Haymarket<\/p>\n The Automobile.Reyat.Chand.2013.<\/p>\n ISBN: 8121902142<\/p>\n Fundamentals of Motor Vehicle Technology.Hillier & Pittuck.Hutchinson.1967.<\/p>\n Lotus 49.Wagstaff.Haynes.2014.<\/p>\n ISBN: 9780858334121<\/p>\n Lotus 72.Wagstaff.Haynes.2012.<\/p>\n ISBN.978857331274<\/p>\n Colin Chapman.Lawrence Breedon.2002.<\/p>\n ISBN.1859832784<\/p>\n Colin Chapman.Ludvigsen.Haynes.2010.<\/p>\n ISBN.9781844254132<\/p>\n Coventry Climax Racing Engine\u2019s.Hammill.Veloce.2004.<\/p>\n ISBN.1903706831<\/p>\n Lotus, Coventry Climax and Cosworth Engine\u2019s.Pitt.Unique.<\/p>\n The Anatomy and Development of the F1 Racing Car.Incandela.Haynes.1982.<\/p>\n ISBN.<\/p>\n The 1000 BHP GP cars.Bamsey.Haynes.1988.<\/p>\n ISBN.0854296174<\/p>\n Lotus 98T.Slater.Haynes.2016.<\/p>\n ISBN.97808573377771<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Figure 6<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sponsor, Brands, Specialists and Suppliers: The Companies that supported the Chapman \/Lotus Road & Racing Programme Laystall Engineering: Lady Godiva cranks up Climax with Laystall Introduction This is a complementary piece to our dedicated articles\/series on major components and cylinder heads. In our previous piece we explore in greater detail the use and specification of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3570,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3594"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3594"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3602,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3594\/revisions\/3602"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}