Sponsor, Brands, Specialists and Suppliers: The Companies that supported the Chapman \/Lotus Road & Racing Programme<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/strong><\/p>\n Lucas: and Lotus charge of the Light Brigade<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/strong><\/p>\n Figure 1: Image from the net.Highly redolent portrayal, although not identifying Clark<\/p>\n Introduction <\/strong><\/p>\n Lotus cars sold<\/p>\n They were bought for their:-<\/p>\n All the above were integrated within a total framework design.<\/p>\n The above list is heavily dependent on a select group of components [either bought in proprietary or in house manufacture] that delivered the desired outcomes and met strict criteria.<\/p>\n Many of these components often contributed significantly to the overall aesthetic, many are extremely functional and beautiful in their own right .They formed part of a complementary whole.<\/p>\n In this series we examine:-<\/p>\n Understanding Lotus\u2019s use of proprietary parts provides invaluable learning opportunities not just historical but right up to the present day. These lessons are not just applicable to automotive engineers\/ designers but to the wider Industrial \/Product Design professions.<\/p>\n The Skillful and creative adoption, absorption and integration of components was a powerful factor in the Chapman design methodology and contributed significantly to both competition and commercial success. It also feed his ability to mutate parts and materials to his desired ends.<\/p>\n The use of components is a fundamental skill of the Industrial Designer and the direct provision of added value.<\/p>\n The exact interpretation of sponsorship in conjunction with Lotus is difficult to establish objectively. The appearance of a sponsor\u2019s logo on a car is not necessarily evidence of financial support. Access to historical archive and contracts is sought wherever possible but with the passage of time and for various reasons these are not always available or accessible to the public.<\/p>\n This series also embraces the specialist suppliers to Lotus. We are particularly interested in those suppliers and products that have a connectivity with aviation.<\/p>\n In constructing the historic sponsor series, the A&R looks only at the logos worn in period and assumes the company involved had no objection to Lotus promoting their products. The A&R sees much to be gained by the wider promotion of sponsors but in the event that a specific organization disapproves for any reason that article will be removed.<\/p>\n Sponsorship is an instrument of mutual benefit and promotion. Subscribers might like to see A&R articles on Sponsorship and Product Placement to understand the numerical \/ financial reach provided by sponsorship with its ability to identify and project status through identification.<\/p>\n The principle continues particularly with regard to education based exhibitions [see below for details]<\/p>\n Each of these articles is devoted to a company\/ organization that is believed to have sponsored or supplied specialist items to Lotus.<\/p>\n The intention of each article is to: –<\/p>\n Subscribers might to see complementary and structured pieces to this article: –<\/p>\n Useful sources <\/strong><\/p>\n The following are detailed reference works relevant to this subject:<\/p>\n Lucas Company Profile \/Abbreviated summary <\/strong><\/p>\n See: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lucas Industries<\/p>\n The origins of Joseph Lucas are extremely modest with a base in Birmingham extending back to the late 19th<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n Early on Lucas were manufacturing ships oil lamps and cycle lamps c 1878.<\/p>\n Acetylene lamps, dynamos and batteries followed in the early 20th<\/sup> century.<\/p>\n Lucas equipment was involved in motorsport from the 1920\u2019s with Norton motorcycles and Bentleys at Le Mans.<\/p>\n Further support was given to land speed records.<\/p>\n ERA and Austin racers at Brooklands frequently used Lucas.<\/p>\n Later Lucas contributed to Jaguar, BRM, and Coventry Climax, Ferrari and into the Cosworth era.<\/p>\n Their aviation heritage is worthy of note: see Graces Guide etc.<\/p>\n \u201c1939 See Aircraft Industry Suppliers<\/a><\/p>\n 1939 Acquired Express Magneto (Repairs) and Electrical Co<\/a>.<\/p>\n 1939 Opened new factory at Shaftmore Lane, Hall Green.<\/p>\n WWII Lucas produced electrical equipment for military and civil vehicles and for aircraft. Many of its standard products were adapted for war uses: for example, its windscreen-wiper motors were used to operate aerial cameras and its starter motors were adapted for the electrical control of tank gun turrets. Outside its normal fields, Lucas produced a wide variety of military requirements including gun turrets, aircraft wing sections, primers, fuses, anti-aircraft shells, bombs of various kinds, control and release mechanisms and metal pressings. It also undertook research work for the Government, including research and development work on jet propulsion in factories it took over especially for the purpose [8]<\/sup><\/a>\u201d<\/sup><\/p>\n \u201c1961 Manufacturers of electrical equipment and accessories for motor-cycles, aircraft, cars, and cycles, including lighting sets, dynamos, dip and switch reflectors, horns, coil ignition, batteries, magnetos, lamps, mirrors, windscreen wipers, hydraulic jacks, brakes, starters, wrenches and generators. Also manufacture fuel and combustion system equipment for gas turbine engines and oil burning equipment for marine boilers. [10]<\/sup><\/a>\u201d<\/sup><\/p>\n Lucas Divisions included:<\/p>\n Lucas Management <\/strong><\/p>\n Kettlewell writing in early Eighties:<\/p>\n \u201cThe philosophy of the Lucas Management has always been that involvement in competition is primarily an engineering exercise\u2026.<\/p>\n Experts from the competition department attend the major rallies, the European GP\u2019s and many F1&2 meetings in this country to ensure that any ignition, electrical or injection troubles can be dealt with\u2026.<\/p>\n Many problems that do arise are usually due to incorrect installation, so the Lucas field service engineers are usually at their busiest during the early part of the season.<\/p>\n The department is happy to advise any club contender who holds an RAC competition licence and has a very wide range of racing equipment available for sale\u2026<\/p>\n In addition to the equipment it provides for racing teams, Lucas also makes a considerable contribution to facilities at many circuits \u2026<\/p>\n In the Chapman\/Lotus era the Company was identified with:-<\/p>\n \u201cLucas has been involved with motor sport since the 1920\u2019s, but it was in the 1940\u2019s when the Lucas Racing and Competition Department was established following a decision to back the BRM project, both financially and technically<\/p>\n In 1951 Lucas engineers developed an electronic spark generator system \u2026.which was soon adopted by most leading teams.<\/p>\n By the 1960\u2019s this had been developed to the OPUS (oscillating pick up \u2013see below) and RITA.<\/p>\n Kettlewell:<\/p>\n \u201cThe fact that out of the last 18 F1 World Championships have been won with Lucas \u2013equipped cars is ample evidence of the priority that Lucas gives to its involvement in motor racing.<\/p>\n Mario Andretti drove to victory in last year\u2019s Championship, his Lotus fitted with Lucas fuel injection and electronic Ignition equipment\u2026.<\/em><\/p>\n Lucas electrical, ignition and petrol injection systems have helped many a contender to championship success.\u201d<\/p>\n In the post war era Lucas provided much of the following for the British motor industry:<\/p>\n Lucas Girling<\/strong><\/p>\n Kettlewell:<\/p>\n \u201cThe list of drivers and riders who have raced using Girling equipment includes Fangio, Moss, Whitehead, Walker, Salvadori, Clark, Stewart and Hunt\u2026.<\/p>\n Started officially in 1950 the Girling Racing Department offered the racing fraternity a product range of high performance drum and disc brakes and suspension units for cars and motorcycles.<\/p>\n Within a few years the reputation of the department for its trackside competence and service had established itself \u2026.<\/p>\n A fully equipped mobile workshop offering general and technical service became a familiar sight at the world\u2019s circuits\u2026<\/p>\n The cars themselves are also well remembered particularly famous ones as the Aston Martin DBR\u2019s, and Le Mans Lotus\u2019s, <\/em>the Coopers and Tyrrell \u2018s.<\/p>\n The current F1 cars depending on Girling brakes are Ligier, Williams, Brabham and Wolf.\u201d<\/p>\n Lucas Ignition and Injection \u201cbrief overview <\/strong><\/p>\n Our reference works make it clear how both Coventry Climax and Cosworth used Lucas components.<\/p>\n Unique Books includes Lotus Climax 25 for 1963 in .Autocrar, 1963 <\/em>where specialists supplies of ignition and fuel injection are listed as Lucas.<\/p>\n From the Coventry Climax Racing Engine 1961-65 specification records \u201cthe Lucas transistor system. Four equally spaced triggers mounted on the flywheel face, pickup set in flywheel housing.\u201d<\/p>\n Hammill records:<\/p>\n \u201cA major departure in the design of the FWMV engine was the use of an all new electronic Ignition system made by Lucas\u2026. Designed by Norman Jukes \u2026.and Jack Laird\u2026. The ignition system was only made for racing purposes where it\u2019s high cost and limits temperature operating range was acceptable\u2026.\u201d<\/p>\n Wagstaff writing of the Lotus 49 under Cosworth DFV Engine Specification references both the Lucas injection system and ignition system.<\/p>\n See details below<\/p>\n Fuel injection <\/strong><\/p>\n Hammill records:<\/p>\n \u201cThe original Lucas injection system had in fact, been designed for use on Rolls-Royce Merlin V12 aircraft engines and, as a result, all parts were made in the aircraft division of Lucas \u201c<\/p>\n Nb Hammill provides a graph showing the differences between Lucas fuel injection and the DCNL Weber carburettors as fitted to the Mk.III \u201cshort stroke \u201cFWMV engine.<\/p>\n Kettlewell:<\/p>\n \u201cLucas petrol injection was widely acclaimed during the 1950\u2019s and Jaguar D types won at Le Mans in 1957 using the Lucas system. But it was only in 1961 that F1 cars swung over to petrol injection.BRM were the first to use it and as the Lucas system became more sophisticated the engine manufacturers decided that it was the system to use.\u201d<\/p>\n From the Coventry Climax Racing Engine 1961-65:<\/p>\n \u201cIn 1963 the Lucas fuel injection system was fitted. This made it possible to achieve really clean acceleration out of a bend, and was a most worthwhile modification.<\/p>\n Diagrams and cutaway drawing of the Lucas eight cylinder metering unit is given.<\/p>\n Wagstaff writing of the Lotus type 49, including a Cosworth DFV engine specification records the Injection system as Lucas indirect injection shuttle metering system, pressure approximately 110psi injection timing at 30degrees ATDC.<\/p>\n <\/strong><\/p>\n Figure 2: Image from the net, note Lotus representation<\/p>\n Lotus Connections <\/strong><\/p>\n Types: 16\/33\/43\/49\/72\/76\/77\/78\/79\/80\/81\/87\/88\/91\/92 \/101and B variants through range.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Figure 3: Archive and Resource collection graphic impact of Clark, Lotus and Lucas connectivity<\/p>\n <\/strong><\/p>\n Figure 4: As above also linking with John Player Specials iconography<\/p>\n Lucas OPUS: Magnum OPUS (oscillating pick up system)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n This method provided a more precise spark with less maintenance.<\/p>\n One of the first fully electronic systems to become established was Lucas OPUS which was initially proven in racing at Formula One level and then entered production on the Jaguar V12 – an engine for which contact breakers would have been totally impractical. The name is derived from the method of operation, i.e. Oscillating Pick-Up System.<\/p>\n Wagstaff writing of the Lotus type 49, including a Cosworth DFV engine specification records the ignition system as Lucas OPUS ignition with Thryristor engine speed limiter, Lucas alternator<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Figure 5: Image from net, see connection with editor\u2019s sketch below<\/p>\n Lucas RITA (racing trigger ignition amplifier) \u201cLovely Rita, Meter Made<\/em>\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Kettlewell described this as \u201cbasically an OPUS without an oscillator\u201d<\/p>\n <\/strong><\/p>\n Figure 6: Editors sketch drawing that connects with both Lucas ignition and fuel injection<\/p>\n Period Address for economic geography exercise<\/strong><\/p>\n Lucas Electrical Ltd,<\/p>\n Great King Street,<\/p>\n Birmingham<\/p>\n B19 2XF<\/p>\n And<\/p>\n London Service Centre<\/p>\n Dordrecht Toad,<\/p>\n Acton Vale<\/p>\n W3<\/p>\n And<\/p>\n Lucas Girling Ltd,<\/p>\n Kings Road,<\/p>\n Tyseley,<\/p>\n Birmingham<\/p>\n B11 2AH<\/p>\n Learning Opportunities<\/strong><\/p>\n Our learning \/educational opportunities are intended to be challenging thought provoking and requiring additional research and\/or analysis.<\/p>\n These opportunities are particularly designed for a museum\/education centre location where visitors would be able to enjoy access to all the structured resources available in conjunction with any concurrent exhibition.<\/p>\n Understanding the potential of componentry particularly proprietary items provides some of the following learning opportunities; in this instance we suggest the following might be appropriate:-<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Figure 7: Archive and Resource library book<\/p>\n Specific to Lucas<\/p>\n General<\/p>\n Exhibitions, Education, Economics and Entertainment<\/strong><\/p>\n In the museum context the editors believe that commercial considerations are both necessary and complementary with its educational objectives.<\/p>\n For these reasons our suggested outline Business Plan includes provision for promoting products and services which share Chapman\u2019s ideals of mechanical efficiency and sustainability. In addition we propose merchandising that explain and interprets the social and cultural context of Chapman\u2019s designs in period. It\u2019s suggested there will be catalogue for on line purchasing.<\/p>\n In this instance we suggest the following exhibition titles might be appropriate:-<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Figure 8: Editors more detail sketch of Lucas equipment aboard the Lotus 49<\/p>\n Specific:-<\/p>\n General:-<\/p>\n Conclusion: \u201cThe whole is greater\u2026\u2026\u2026\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n There can be little doubt about the significant contribution made by Lucas<\/p>\n They assisted Lotus achieve multiple F1 World Championships across changing engine\/performance technologies and era\u2019s.Furthermore Lotus were often at a power and budget disadvantage and equipment and technology like those provided an equalisation.<\/p>\n Lucas as an industrial heritage worthy of detailed study. Rags to Riches and predominantly British, located in heart of post war British motor industry of the Midlands with several major manufacturing sites in its heyday located around the UK.Not least in Park Royal, London.<\/p>\n Lucas has a rich technology, economic, commercial, entrepreneurial and social history worthy of close study. Amongst this is its aviation links. Like many of the Lotus specialists developed advanced engineering with reliability where and when they were needed during the war and in post war civilian aviation and defence.<\/p>\n Components were material to reliability and competitiveness.<\/p>\n Lucas promotes itself as:<\/p>\n \u201cLucas products are driven by engineering excellence and a spirit of innovation that\u2019s ensured our continued global success. The brand\u2019s reputation is built on an extensive range, exceptional technical durability and endurance, and outstanding quality.<\/p>\n Lucas have been providing all this for over 135 years \u2013 and we\u2019re still growing. That\u2019s why the brand has been continuously trading longer than any other automotive component brand in the world.\u201d<\/p>\n Chapman\u2019s design and manufacturing methodology rather confirms the adage that \u201cthe whole can be greater than the sum of the parts\u201d.<\/p>\n It\u2019s an interesting an important study to consider deployment of components. It contributes to aesthetics, assembly economics and sales [attractive components\/ known accepted performance and servicing ability etc.]<\/p>\n It is equally and mutually relevant and beneficial to the component manufacturer.<\/p>\n Chapman and his colleagues often took the best \/ most appropriate mass produced item and almost reinvented it in its service to design objectives. In this manner many components acquired a new status and indeed their aesthetic was enhanced surrounded by the Chapman conceptual whole.<\/p>\n It\u2019s also extremely significant how many of these components were also used in Lotus competition cars. This created a powerful dynamic and interrelationship. Many components:-<\/p>\n The relationship between Lotus and is sponsor specialist suppliers is significant and worthy of close study and has lessons for Engineering, Industrial Design and Manufacturing disciplines.<\/p>\n Along the way it\u2019s possible too to study the wider British motor component industry and how it has helped foster the specialist car manufacturers.<\/p>\n Sponsorship is a worldwide phenomenon of immense commercial impotence. Both to host and sponsor organization.<\/p>\n With the Passage of time it\u2019s likely to become more sophisticated and focused and the internet \/multimedia technology will play greater role.<\/p>\n Sponsors have existed in motorsport before Chapman but he vigorously exploited the concept with Gold Leaf c 1967\/68 and set a pattern for others to follow.<\/p>\n Sponsors of Lotus were likely to benefit financially and in terms of exposure to an extent greater than their investment. The benefits were, and remain essentially similar to present day:-<\/p>\n Appendix 1: Context and operation of sponsorship from the net:-<\/strong><\/p>\n Gain an awareness of controversies regarding sponsorship.<\/p>\n Appendix 2 F1 and related racing results <\/strong><\/p>\n http:\/\/www.snowmoose.com\/LotusCars\/TeamLotus\/TLHistory.html<\/p>\n Reference:<\/strong><\/p>\n Marks of Excellence.P.Mollerup.Phaidon Press.1997.<\/em><\/p>\n ISBN: 0714838381<\/em><\/p>\n Graces Guides<\/em><\/p>\n Internet websites and local History<\/em><\/p>\n Aircraft of the Fighting Powers.Cooper&Thetford.Vol.1.Aircraft [Technical] Publications.1940.<\/p>\n An extensive bibliography is provided in A&R article on John Players Specials\/Gold Leaf<\/p>\n Industrial Design A-Z.C&P Fiell.Taschen.<\/p>\n ISBN: 3822863106<\/p>\n Lotus Book.Taylor.Coterie.1998.<\/p>\n ISBN: 1902351002<\/p>\n Art of the Formula 1 Race Car. Mann, Codling.Motorbooks.2010<\/p>\n ISBN:<\/p>\n Lotus 24, 25, 28, 29, 33.Unique.<\/p>\n Lotus 49, 49B, 49C, 49F.Unique.<\/p>\n ISBN: 1842555185<\/p>\n International Corporate Identity.Olins.Laurence King.1995<\/p>\n ISBN: 1856690377<\/p>\n International Motor Racing 1978.Ed by B.Gill.Macdonald and Jane\u2019s.1978<\/p>\n ISBN: 035409033X<\/p>\n The International Motor Show. Official Catalogue.1966<\/p>\n Motor Racing Directory 1955-56 [Ed by staff of \u201cMotor Racing\u201d] Pearl Cooper.<\/p>\n Motor Racing Directory. Kettlewell.<\/p>\n ISBN: 0906556007<\/p>\n Autosport A-Z Motorsport Directory. [Annual editions] Haymarket<\/p>\n The Automobile.Reyat.Chand.2013.<\/p>\n ISBN: 8121902142<\/p>\n Fundamentals of Motor Vehicle Technology.Hillier & Pittuck.Hutchinson.1967.<\/p>\n Lotus 49.Wagstaff.Haynes.2014.<\/p>\n ISBN: 9780858334121<\/p>\n Lotus 72.Wagstaff.Haynes.2012.<\/p>\n ISBN.978857331274<\/p>\n Colin Chapman.Lawrence Breedon.2002.<\/p>\n ISBN.1859832784<\/p>\n Colin Chapman.Ludvigsen.Haynes.2010.<\/p>\n ISBN.9781844254132<\/p>\n Coventry Climax Racing Engine\u2019s.Hammill.Veloce.2004.<\/p>\n ISBN.1903706831<\/p>\n Lotus, Coventry Climax and Cosworth Engine\u2019s.Pitt.Unique.<\/p>\n The Anatomy and Development of the F1 Racing Car.Incandela.Haynes.1982.<\/p>\n ISBN.<\/p>\n The 1000 BHP GP cars.Bamsey.Haynes.1988.<\/p>\n ISBN.0854296174<\/p>\n Lotus 98T.Slater.Haynes.2016.<\/p>\n ISBN.97808573377771<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Sponsor, Brands, Specialists and Suppliers: The Companies that supported the Chapman \/Lotus Road & Racing Programme Lucas: and Lotus charge of the Light Brigade Figure 1: Image from the net.Highly redolent portrayal, although not identifying Clark Introduction Lotus cars sold They were bought for their:- Performance \u2013road or track Driving pleasure Reputation and image Aesthetics […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3570,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3603"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3603"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3603\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3613,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3603\/revisions\/3613"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.colinchapmanmuseum.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
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\n Lucas<\/td>\n RITA<\/td>\n Trigger<\/td>\n Only tools and brake horses<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n Lotus switch to Lucas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n RITA<\/td>\n <\/td>\n Lovely Rita, Meter Made<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n OPUS<\/td>\n <\/td>\n Lotus Magnum Opus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n Lucasaid :Lotus gets electonic<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n Lotus gets lightbulb moment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n provides a real transformer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n Gives Lotus an extension Lead<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n makes Lotus a circuit record breaker<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n Lights,lamps,lectics and Lotus<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n Lucas<\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n Lotus charge of the Light Brigade<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n
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